While some regions are developing new strengths in clean technologies and sustainable industries, others face the challenges of industrial restructuring, changing skills requirements and employment uncertainty. MOSAIC examines these differences to understand where green economic activity is emerging, how regional capabilities are evolving, and what this means for workers.
A central part of this research is the development of a detailed, firm-level evidence base identifying green and greening companies across Europe. By linking company data with regional characteristics, MOSAIC will map the distribution of green economic activity and identify different patterns of industrial development. This will help distinguish regions with established green specialisations from those beginning to diversify, as well as places that may face greater barriers to change. Looking beyond national-level statistics will provide a more detailed picture of how the transition is unfolding across Europe.
Understanding the changing world of work
Industrial change also affects the people and communities that depend on it. MOSAIC investigates how workers move into, within and out of green sectors, examining the role of skills, vocational training, public employment services and labour-market institutions. It will explore how accessible emerging opportunities are to different groups, including workers affected by industrial restructuring, and how factors such as age, gender, geographical mobility and access to reskilling can influence their prospects.
This research connects regional economic development with the practical realities of employment. Identifying where green industries are growing can help reveal where investment, innovation support and infrastructure may be needed. Understanding labour mobility and skills requirements, meanwhile, can inform measures that help workers navigate change and access new opportunities. Together, these perspectives can support a more coordinated approach to economic development and social inclusion.
Supporting fair and resilient regional transitions
By bringing together evidence on firms, regions and labour markets, MOSAIC aims to provide policymakers, regional authorities, businesses and social partners with a stronger basis for decision-making. The findings will help identify emerging areas of green growth, highlight potential risks associated with industrial change, and inform strategies that connect regional development with skills and employment support.
Ultimately, the aim is to help Europe’s regions make the most of new industrial opportunities while addressing the challenges faced by workers and communities. By examining not only where green economic activity develops, but also who can benefit from it, MOSAIC will contribute evidence to support a green industrial transition that is competitive, inclusive and sustainable.
